Abstract
Purpose: Orthopedic surgeons use different types of screws for bone fixation. Whereas hard cortical bone requires a screw with a fine pitch, in softer cancellous bone a wider pitch might help prevent micromotion and eventually lead to greater implant stability. The aim of this study was to validate the assumption that fine-pitch implants are appropriate for cortical bone and wide-pitch implants are appropriate for cancellous bone.
Materials and Methods: Wide-pitch and fine-pitch implants were inserted in both hard (D1 and D2) bone and soft (D3 and D4) bone, which was simulated by separate experimental blocks of cellular rigid polyurethane foam. A series of insertion sites in D1-D2 and D3-D4 experimental blocks were prepared using 1.5-mm and 2.5-mm drills. The final torque required to insert each implant was recorded.
Results: Wide-pitch implants displayed greater insertion torque (20% more than the fine-pitch implants) in cancellous bone and were therefore more suitable than fine-pitch implants.
Conclusion: It is more appropriate to use a fine pitch design for implants, in conjunction with a 2.5-mm osteotomy site, in dense cortical bone (D1 or D2), whereas it is recommended to choose a wide-pitch design for implants, in conjunction with a 1.5-mm osteotomy site, in softer bone (D3 or D4). Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010;25:883-887.
Insertion torque in different bone models with different screw pitch: an in vitro study.
Orlando B, Barone A, Giorno TM, Giacomelli L, Tonelli P, Covani U
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010 Sep-Oct;25(5):883-7.
PMID: 20862400 [PubMed - in process]
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